Journal: International Journal of Cancer. Journal International du Cancer

Article Title: Induction of proinflammatory mediators by CHI3L1 is reduced by chitin treatment: decreased tumor metastasis in a breast cancer model

doi: 10.1002/ijc.26379

Figure Lengend Snippet: CHI3L1 increases the expression of CCL2, CXCL2 and MMP-9. Macrophages from normal mice were cultured overnight with either 1 ng/mL or 5 ng/mL rmCHI3L1 alone (A,C,E) or in combination with LPS (1 μg/mL) (B,D,F) and cell-free supernatants were analyzed by ELISA for CCL2 (A–B) ; CXCL2 (C–D) or MMP-9 (E–F). N= 10 mice/group, (A–B) *p<0.0015, **p<0.0001, (CD)*p<0.0005, ** p<0.0002, and (E–F) *p<0.004, **p<0.0016.

Article Snippet: Cell culture supernatants and sera from control and mammary tumor bearers were analyzed for protein expression by ELISA for CCL2, CXCL2 and IFN-γ (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), MMP-9 and CHI3L1 (R&D Systems) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Cancer. Journal International du Cancer

Article Title: Induction of proinflammatory mediators by CHI3L1 is reduced by chitin treatment: decreased tumor metastasis in a breast cancer model

doi: 10.1002/ijc.26379

Figure Lengend Snippet: Silencing CHI3L1 decreases secretion of proinflammatory molecules by macrophages. (A) In vitro treatment of LPS (1 μg/mL) stimulated macrophages from 5-week DA-3 tumor bearers with 50 nM CHI3L1 siRNA analyzed by qRT-PCR for CHI3L1 gene expression and protein expression as determined by ELISA (B). (C–E) Purified macrophages from 5-week DA-3 tumor bearers were cultured with 50 nM CHI3L1 siRNA or 50 NM nontarget siRNA in the presence of LPS and cell-free culture supernatants analyzed for CCL2 (C), CXCL2 (D) and MMP-9 (E). N = 5 mice/group, *p < 0.05, Student's t-test

Article Snippet: Cell culture supernatants and sera from control and mammary tumor bearers were analyzed for protein expression by ELISA for CCL2, CXCL2 and IFN-γ (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), MMP-9 and CHI3L1 (R&D Systems) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: In Vitro, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Purification, Cell Culture

Journal: International Journal of Cancer. Journal International du Cancer

Article Title: Induction of proinflammatory mediators by CHI3L1 is reduced by chitin treatment: decreased tumor metastasis in a breast cancer model

doi: 10.1002/ijc.26379

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo treatment with chitin decreases CHI3L1, CCL2, CXCL2 and MMP-9 expression in DA-3 tumor-bearing mice. (A) Serum from 2- and 5-week DA-3 tumor bearers either untreated or chitin treated (1 mg/mouse) was analyzed for CHI3L1 expression by ELISA. (B–C) Splenocytes (B) and splenic macrophages (C) from untreated or chitin treated 5-week DA-3 tumor-bearing mice were cultured overnight in the presence or absence of LPS (1 μg/mL) and cell-free supernatants were analyzed for CHI3L1 by ELISA. (D–F) Purified macrophages and T cells from spleens of 5-week DA-3 tumor-bearing mice, untreated, or chitin treated were cultured overnight with mitogens as described, and cell-free supernatants were analyzed by ELISA for CCL2 (D), CXCL2 (E) and MMP-9 (F). Data shown are the results of three independent experiments with N= 4 mice/group; *p<0.003, **p<0.002, Student's t-test

Article Snippet: Cell culture supernatants and sera from control and mammary tumor bearers were analyzed for protein expression by ELISA for CCL2, CXCL2 and IFN-γ (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), MMP-9 and CHI3L1 (R&D Systems) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: In Vivo, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Culture, Purification

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Carnosic acid protects mice from high-fat diet-induced NAFLD by regulating MARCKS

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3593

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) deficiency induces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in vivo . Serum (A) interleukin (IL)-1β, (B) IL-18, (C) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), (D) IL-2, (E) IL-4, (F) IL-6, (G) IL-12, and (H) interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels were determined by insulin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (I) mRNA levels in liver tissue samples were calculated by RT-qPCR assays. Results are the means ± SD of 8 mice/group. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01 and *** p<0.001 vs. the C57BL/6-chow group; + p<0.05 and ++ p<0.01 vs. the C57BL/6-high fat (HF) diet group.

Article Snippet: For insulin analysis, the mice were fasted for 6 h and plasma insulin levels were measured with an Ultra Sensitive Mouse insulin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit from Crystal Chem (Downers Grove, IL, USA).

Techniques: In Vivo, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR